![]() These are not representative examples of all the clubs that have survived from this period. A close examination of these weapons will help us gain a better historical understanding of wampum and war in Indigenous North America. Some of these special testimonies of wampum are in Parisian museums without precise information about their origin, age, or meaning. ![]() Since these belts were not only a burden but also a privilege to carry, leaders recorded them visually on their personal weapons and accoutrements.ĢIn order to reflect the historical significance of wampum and war, we will focus on war clubs dating from the Ancient Regime period, from the 17th to the end of the 18th century. None of the reddened wampum belts, however, have survived, because, like the ring of bondage, they were dismantled after use. Most of the bearers also remained anonymous, but some left their experiences for posterity. My intention is to immerse the reader in the Indigenous North America of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, a period of ongoing conflicts between the colonial powers France and England. However, we are not in the Shire, and neither is the bearer named Frodo. ![]() 1Wampum and war could provide the substance for a promising novel, because the title can easily be adapted to the successful “Lord of the Rings” saga, with a similar story full of dramatic situations leading to the ultimate dissolution of bondage and the beginning of peaceful times.
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